First, it should be noted that there are different levels of electronic signatures:

• Simple electronic signature – a legitimate, but least secure and least conclusive form of signature. A typical example is a name at the end of an email or a handwritten signature inserted into a PDF document. However, it is difficult to prove later who actually signed the document and whether it has been altered. It is therefore more suitable for informal communication or low-risk internal processes.
  
  
• Guaranteed electronic signature – offers a higher level of security using cryptographic means, specifically a private key and a certificate issued by a certification authority. This signature is uniquely assignable to a specific person and allows the integrity of the signed document to be verified. In practice, it is used, for example, in services such as Bank iD Sign and is suitable for everyday business or contractual matters.
  
  
• Recognized electronic signature – created using a qualified certificate issued by a qualified trust service provider. Compared to a guaranteed signature, it offers greater legal certainty. It is also sufficient for communication with public authorities within the Czech Republic, but is not usually accepted within the EU.
  
  
• Qualified electronic signature – the highest level of electronic signature. According to the eIDAS Regulation, it is legally equivalent to a handwritten signature and is recognized throughout the European Union. In addition to a qualified certificate, a certified hardware qualified means or remote signing service that meets strict security requirements must also be used to create it.
  
  

There are a number of different signature tools that can be used to create various types of electronic signatures. At the same time, it is necessary to consider the legislation and technical standards that determine where, what, and how to use electronic signatures.